However, the antiquity of these manuscripts is no indication of reliability because a prominent church father in Alexandria testified that manuscripts were already corrupt by the third century. 1st generation: 2 correct copies, 1 incorrect copy (, 2nd generation: 4 correct copies, 3 incorrect copies. I havent heard a sound from the bedroom, but perhaps she suddenly learned how to be ninja-quiet? The assumption is that each manuscript was copied a relatively equal number of times. Because these manuscripts are so foundational to modern Critical Text, they bear a closer look. (Please read John 15:5, 7, I Pet.1:23, 2 Pet.1:4, John 6:63) The mistake you have made in seeking to divorce the Living Word from the Written Word in the work of salvation is a grave error. But I find your interpretation of Psalms 12, while correct in a literal sense, wrong in a prophetical sense. They also discounted the entire Byzantine text type based on an assumption which has now been proved wrong. But I have met with many whose assurance rested upon strange visions and signs which might be but the likeness of their thoughts and hopes, even as the mirage that shows water in the desert. They began speaking Latin, and thus moved away from Greek scriptures and into Latin translations. So when you see people (mostly Confessional Position and/or KJV-Only Christians) try to use the Majority Text to bolster their case for the Textus Receptus, please realize theyre misinformed. The western part of Christendom stopped using Greek as their primary language in the mid-1st millennium. Pauls saying dont be like the women who shave their heads to show they wont be under authority. The covering is a womans long hair (as verse 15 says) and the passage is about women being moraly obligated to be under authority. The WEB reads like a smooth ASV in the New Testament. Thus your eye jumps from well need some words so 5 Because of the devastation of the afflicted, because of the groaning of the needy, Erasmus originally assembled his Greek text based on 7 Greek manuscripts and published it in 1516 as the Novum Instrumentum omne. The 1% argument almost makes it seem not to matter between the TR and Alexandrian-focused textual lines but maybe that only applies to the NASB 1995 for reasons you indicated in the other article? Matthew 1:1 in the 1611 King James reads, The booke of the generation of Iesus Christ, the sonne of Dauid, the sonne of Abraham. They believe that over time good manuscripts will push out bad manuscripts. Theres good evidence that he had more manuscripts to choose from, but decided to use only those 7 (presumably because they were of the best quality, but we dont know for sure). Erasmus used an expression in the course of his Apologia addressed to Stunica which was misunderstood by the eighteenth-century Pietist Bengel (one of the two leading lights of Pietism at that time, the other being Zinzendorf), and the misunderstanding encouraged Bengel to give less credit than deserved to Erasmus work on the Book of Revelation. Its often abbreviate as NA plus the version number. I know almost nothing about Latin, or Id check. There remains a persistent bias against the Byzantine Text type in the Critical text, which is very unfortunate. Theres a closed door between us (so I dont disturb her sleep) so I cant actually see her in bed. From another article on the topic: However, Hort acknowledged that such a clear-cut genealogical model would be out of place if a transmission-model persistently involved readings which all had some clearly ancient attestation. You are using an out of date browser. Only the reading which best satisfies the requirements of both external and internal criteria can be original. Again, this is a stretch but well deal with it. The odds of all the scribes making the same error are extremely low. Nice article, well-balanced and thoughtful. Thats both amazing and very scary. The most commonly cited confession of faith from Confessional Position Christians is the Westminster Confession of Faith. Youre welcome. It seems likely a decent scribe could copy 219 words without error. Make straight in the desert For I am a seeker of the truth. Then Sir Constant was silent, for he knew not how to speak. The WEB fixed that problem as it uses the majority of the manuscripts, and also removes verses or phrases that are not in the majority of the manuscripts, including Revelation. Further, the NASB uses a modern reprint of the exact same text underlying the KJV. Lift up your voice with strength, The primary Greek source for the King James Version was the 1598 version of Theodore Bezas Greek New Testament. For I found no discussion of the effort to reduce the number of copies Erasmus had available. The article was excellent and I appreciate the effort you put into compiling the information. I have heard about the NASB2020 and it seems to be like everything else about 2020: extremely disappointing. Readings are approved or rejected by reason of the quality, and not the number, of their supporting witnesses, The reading that best conforms to the grammar and context of the sentence should be preferred, The reading that best conforms to the style and content of the author should be preferred. The faith perspective is the opposite. Psalms 100:5 (KJV): For the LORD is good; his mercy is everlasting; and his truth endureth to all generations. Of the 18,000 Bibles he printed, only 3 of them remain today. Nearly everyone would choose one of the three to copy from. They knew clearly which ones were the true Words of God. Thank you. Yes, thats the book for me, Remember, their #1 rule was earlier is better. Septuagint - Wikipedia [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septuagint ] The Vulgate is the Latin translation of the Old and New Testaments made by St. Jerome in the 4th century. Because Im John Chrysostom ( 407) cited the Byzantine text of his time and is its oldest witness. (1793-1851), who had first moved away from relying on the Textus Receptus, Tischendorf.Downloads - Bible SupportMajority Text vs.Critical Text vs. But if youre working from poor translations like the NLT, NIV, or any of the paraphrase translations, youre basically out of luck. This New Testament is the King James Version which I have revised to reflect the Patriarchal Text. The Codex Vaticanus also contains several of the deuterocanonical books, namely: the Book of Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus (Sirach), Judith, Tobit, Baruch, and the Letter to Jeremiah. Apart from a clear indication that such consensus texts were produced by formal recension, it would appear that normal scribal activity and transmissional continuity would preserve in most manuscripts not only a very ancient text, but a very pure line of very ancient text., Source. Its possible, but definitely not certain. Now just taking this verse by itself, its easy to see the Doctrine of Preservation. This reading ranks second in terms of the number of manuscripts containing it, and has a wider distribution among text-types. So Sir Constant held counsel in his troubled heart, while the smooth voice spoke on as the path descended steeply to the lake-side, and the whole world was gray as the speakers cloak. You probably couldnt find a scholar who would praise the scribal work in Sinaiticus, and its easy to find those who deride it as the worst scribal work among the manuscripts weve found. 7 You, O LORD, will keep them; Another great thing about the WEB: The makers of this Bible wanted to fill a void, to create a modern translation with no copyright, a Bible that can be freely shared, or the whole Bible printed out and given to a friend without a royalty. Whichever one is closer to the majority text. Please dont mistake my question for a mere rhetorical one (though its partially that), If perfect preservation is the case, then thats THE question that matters most regarding Scripture. (I did also recommend the NKJV). The NKJV is definitely closer and also the translation I would generally recommend. The [fourth-century] text of Chrysostom and other Syrian [= Byzantine] fathers [is] substantially identical with the common late text, The fundamental text of late extant Greek MSS generally is beyond all question identical with the dominant Antiochian [= Byzantine] text of the second half of the fourth century The Antiochian Fathers and the bulk of extant MSS must have had in the greater number of extant variations a common original either contemporary with or older than our oldest extant MSS, Introduction to the New Testament in the Original Greek: With Notes on Selected Readings by Westcott & Hort. It definitely has flaws (which well discuss later), but it also has some significant strengths. Same idea. EDIT: I finally got around to writing an article on the topic, which you can read here: Does 1 Corinthians 11 Require Women To Wear Head Coverings. See Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) Fourth fascicle: Proverbs Accessed March 26, 2011, 4. And every mountain and hill brought low; I hope that helps. Im so thankful that your article was one of the first I came across. Many Christians who could not withstand the persecution handed over their Scriptures to the authorities to be publicly burned. Persecution under Diocletian and Galerius (303-324). Further, understanding how these rules work and their place in Bible history will help you understand the modern Critical Text. At this time I consider myself a textus receptus guy and find his position interesting. Do you believe We can no more touch the preserved Word of God than we can the incarnate Christ? Do you believe that we can only do our very best to discern with our human abilities and scientific approach what is correct and what is not? The Textus Receptus is Latin for Received Text. Presumably the scribes didnt keep the errors because they recognized them as errors. I really appreciate your work here. NETS, New English Translation of the Septuagint Accessed March 26, 2011, 2. Codex Sinaiticus was found by a man named Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf, at St. Catherines monastery at the foot of Mount Sinai. However, the King James Translators used the 1525-1525 Masoretic Text by Daniel Bomberg as the basis for the Old Testament. Thats from the 4th century to the ~15th century; a period of 1,100 years (over a millennia) with virtually no change. If it were your work, I would have no hope; but its not your work. the KJV] was not translated from any one printed edition of the Greek text. So they used all those old Alexandrian manuscripts that the author of that article hated. He also checked these manuscripts for particular readings, or readings that are found ONLY in that manuscript. I hope that helps relying on the Textus Receptus guy and find his interesting. Itself, its easy to see the Doctrine of Preservation knew clearly which ones the... 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